Dyslexi Learning Disabilities ( Spld ) - 1587 Words

Dyslexia, commonly defined as specific reading disability, is one of the Specific Learning Disabilities (SpLD). The term ‘dyslexia’ was coined by Rudolf Berlin of Stuttgart, Germany, in 1887 (Wagner 1973). The term dyslexia comes from the Greek dys – ‘impaired’ – and lexis – ‘word’ which refers to impairment in the ability to read and spell that is not due to low intelligence or lack of educational opportunity (Brunswick 2009). Dyslexia was the first general term used to describe various learning problems such as Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Dyspraxia, Auditory Processing Disorder, Dyscalculia and many more. Eventually, these problems were subdivided and categorized to describe different learning disabilities (Davis 2010). There are two major varieties of dyslexia: acquired and developmental. Reading disability that occurs due to an accident at any stage of life of an individual is labelled acquired dyslexia. Here accident means any kind of injury to the brain leading to brain damage. In contrast, developmental dyslexia occurs during the developmental period, that is, roughly between 0 to 18 years of life (Hinshelwood 1896, Jena 2013). The proposed study is focused chiefly on developmental dyslexia. Developmental Dyslexia has been defined by World Federation of Neurology (1968) as ‘a disorder manifested by difficulty in learning to read despite conventional instructions, adequate intelligence and socio-cultural opportunity.’ A large number of researches